The Connection Between Heatstroke and Environmental Temperature

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  • 熱中症の発生実態と環境温度
  • ネッチュウショウ ノ ハッセイ ジッタイ ト カンキョウ オンド

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Abstract

The number of deaths from heatstroke in Japan was examined according to vital statistics and newspaper reports. Correlations were seen between the number of deaths from heatstroke and the yearly number of days with maximal temperatures of 32°C, 34°C and 36°C. In years when there were days with maximal temperatures over 38°C, the incidence of heatstroke was high. As for heat affected disorder during sports, it was found that 1) it occurred throughout Japan, 2) the incidence was high during intensive running, 3) it occurred not only outdoors but also indoors with a high incidence rate for young males (first years in particular), 4) it occurred at dry-bulb temperatures higher than 24°C, wet-bulb temperatures higher than 20°C, and WBGT higher than 23°C, and 5) the incidence rate was related to clothing worn and the physical condition of the subject. The guidelines of the Japan Amateur Sports Association for the prevention of heat related disorder during sports activities are based on data from incidences of heat related disorder and environmental temperature. These are: level is safe when WBGT is below 21°C, requires care when WBGT is between 21°C–25 °C, requires caution at WBGT of 25°C–28 °C, requires utmost caution at WBGT of 28°C to 31°C, and must discontinue activity when WBGT is above 31°C. In daily life, people are often exposed to artificially controlled environments as well as to rapid changes in temperature caused by moving from one such environment to another. Therefore, to evaluate the relationship between heat related disorder and temperature, it is necessary to consider not only changes in weather conditions but also changes in temperature in artificially created environments.<br>

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