The Relationship Between Vegetation Zones and Climatic Zones<SUP>*</SUP>

NUMATA Makoto

doi:10.11227/seikisho1966.21.1

Macroclimatic and macrovegetational zonations are considered to coincide well, and they are basically regulated by temperature and precipitation based on the concept of static climatology. The forest climax zones in Japan were proposed by several authors in relationship to climatic types which are somewhat different from European ones, particularly in the definition of subarctic and subtropical zones. There are several opinions on the ecological situation of Hokkaido. The northern and southern limits of beech forests and evergreen oak forests at present and in the ice age are discussed in relationship to the annual mean temperature and the monthly mean temperature in the coldest month. In the legends on world vegetation maps, climatic adjectives are not always used. However, in the nomenclature of vegetation zones in Japan and in Holdridge's system, climaic types correspond directly to vegetation types.<BR>Besides these, there are many proposals on the identification of horizontal and altitudinal zonation of vegetation. Also, there are several approaches, such as plant community, plant formation, phytosociological, plant climate and floristic zones or regions.<BR>However, climatic classification from the standpoint of dynamic climatology has been proposed on the basis of wind systems and air masses. It is applied to mountain climate as well as to horizontal climatic types based on global atmospheric circulation in relation to vegetational zonation.

The Relationship Between Vegetation Zones and Climatic Zones<SUP>*</SUP>

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