Shape Optimization of Artificial Hip Prosthesis with 3D FEM.

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  • ３次元有限要素解析による人工股関節ステム形状最適設計
  • 3ジゲン ユウゲン ヨウソ カイセキ ニ ヨル ジンコウ コ カンセツ ステム ケイジョウ サイテキ セッケイ

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Abstract

The present paper introduces an optimum design of the hip prosthesis and a method for shape optimization which minimizes the stress concentration within the cement mantle. A gradient projection method of numerical optimization and a p-version three-dimensional FEM of stress analysis were employed. A generic three-dimensional FEM model of the proximal femur containing a cemented fomoral stem of a total hip arthroplasty was developed. The three types of analysis was then performed in this study. First, stastic stress analysis measuring the stress in the bone cement was performed. The generic model was then valified parametrically by changing the each parameters individually that compose the stem geometry measureing the stress occuring within the cement mantle concurrently. As it is called design sensitivity analysis was performed. Finally, optimal stem shape was desigend using shape optimization. The design objective was to minimize the largest maximum principal stress in the cement. The results of shape optimization showed considerable reduction in stress concentration within the cement mantle compared to the starting design that were used. Moreover, the optimal stem shape obtained in this study showed unique geometry differ from the standard trend that has been believed to be better. The results of this study has shown to be attractive for evaluating stem design and develop the optimal new stem shape.

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