Age Related Differences in Electroencephalographic and Cardiac Arousal at the Termination of Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea.

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Objective The purpose of the present study was to determine whether electroencephalographic (EEC) and cardiac arousal, i.e. heart rate elevation at the termination of apnea/hypopnea are related to aging.<br> Methods The subjects were 13 middle-aged (40-60 years of age, 47.8±5.35 years) and 10 elderly (>60 years of age, 69.8±5.31 years) male patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. We evaluated the number of apneas per an hour of sleep (apnea index: AI), the number of hypopneas per an hour of sleep (hypopnea index: HI), the summation of HI and AI (apnea/hypopnea index: AHI), sleep stage, the amount of time during which nocturnal oxygen saturation was decreased below 90% (oxygen desaturation time: ODT), and EEG and cardiac arousal at the termination of apnea/hypopnea using polysomnography with pulse oximetry.<br> Results There was no significant difference in AHI, duration of apnea/hypopnea, and sleep stage distribution between the two groups. However, the ratio of apnea/hypopnea with EEG and cardiac arousal was significantly higher in middle-aged than in elderly patients. The ratio of HI to AHI was significantly lower in middle-aged than in elderly patients. In middle-aged patients, EEG and cardiac arousal were significantly correlated with AI, AHI, and ODT, whereas, in elderly patients, these parameters were not similarly correlated.<br> Conclusion Our findings suggest that the differences in EEG and cardiac arousal, and the pattern of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) between middle-aged and elderly patients with SDB might be a physiological phenomenon of aging.<br>(Internal Medicine 39: 375-380, 2000)

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  • Internal Medicine

    Internal Medicine 39 (5), 375-380, 2000

    The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

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