Cognitive Development Reflected in Symbolic Play with Dolls and Vocabulary Spurt.

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  • 日常生活における子どもの人形を用いた象徴遊びにみる認知発達とボキャブラリー・スパートに関する研究

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A child with non-handicap was observed longitudinally on a daily basis at home from the viewpoint of development of symbolic play with dolls and development of expressive language. We recorded her daily activities and experiences. We speculated the enrichment of her daily activities would be reflected in her symbolic play with dolls and her expressive language, especially the acquisition of vocabulary.<BR>The results show the child began to adopt events in her daily activities as topics for her symbolic play with dolls. In doing so, she came to recognize the existence of humanity and developed understanding of other persons. Her expressive language developed in parallel with this symbolic play and understanding of others. In particular, a vocabulary spurt in oneword utterances occurred after the emergence of pretense activity of parents in her symbolic play. Next, her symbolic play became play reproducing her past experiences and injecting her daily experiences into her symbolic paly with dolls. She used object substitu-tion and miming to elaborate her play. She also began to express subjects from her daily experiences in her speech and twoword utterances emerged. Her symbolic play transfer-red into pretense of her mother's nursing behavior toward her. She used object substitution, miming and speech in conducting such symbolic play. It appears that in those acts she may begin to acquire metalinguistic capacity.<BR>These results show that expanding the daily experiences of toddlers enriches the content of their symbolic play, which in turn enriches development of their expressive vocabulary. Especially, the development of understanding of others, reflected in games acting out other persons, correlates to a vocabulary spurt in oneword utterances.

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