小脳疾患, 仮性球麻痺, 筋萎縮性側索硬化症による麻痺性構音障害の話しことばの特徴

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  • Characteristics of Dysarthric Speech due to Cerebellar disorders, Pseudobulbar Palsy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

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With the objective of analyzing and describing the characteristic patterns of deviant speech of pa-tients in three discrete neurologic groups (cerebellar degeneration, pseudobulbar palsy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), speech samples of each patient consisting of sentences and repetitions of syllables were used for rating on each of 39 predetermined dimensions of speech and voice. Analysis based on the means of the ratings of the eight judges on each patient on each dimension yields results leading to the following conclusions: (1) Ratings for sentence samples were higher than those for repetitions of syllables. (2) Some of the dimensions highly deviant in each group were common to all three groups, such as imprecision of consonants and slow rate, while others were characteristic of each group. (3) Speech and voice of the group with Cerebellar disorders were found to be characterized by irregular articulatory and phonatory break down, whereas those of the other two groups were found to be lacking in resonatory-articulatory and phonatory competence, the two groups varying in degree in some of the dimensions. (4) The above characteristics seem to mirror the general abnormalities of motor func-tions in each group. (5) Our findings are comparable to those of Darley et al. and Hirose with some exceptions one of which is considered to be due to the difference of language.

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