Human cases of infestation with hard tick, Ixodes ovatus (Acarina : Ixodidae) in Japan : A bibliographical review

HATSUSHIKA Ryo

doi:10.7601/mez.49.1_1

This paper reviews significant literature on human cases of infestation with hard tick, Ixodes ovatus Neumann, 1899 occurred in Japan during the period 1952 to 1997. The relevant literature revealed that a total of 216 patients (90 male, 114 female and 12,sex unknown) had been reported upto August 1997. Furthermore, 12 more unexplained cases were found in the literature. The pertinent data on each patient of the 216 cases were briefly summarized in the Tables. The infested patients are distributed widely in Japan, but the highest incidence of cases was found in Nagano Prefecture in Central Japan. The age range of the patients was 1 to 88 years, and the highest incidence was found in younger children under the age of nine. The tick infestation of the reported cases most frequently occurred in the summer period of May to August, and the highest incidence was found in June. The most common infestation site of the patients was on the skin of the head region, particularly around the eyes (upper and lower eyelids). The tick bites in the majority of the cases were principally acquired in the mountainous areas.

Human cases of infestation with hard tick, Ixodes ovatus (Acarina : Ixodidae) in Japan : A bibliographical review

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