A case of placental mesenchymal dysplasia

  • MORIMOTO Naoharu
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hyogo College of Medicine
  • HARADA Kayoko
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hyogo College of Medicine
  • WAKIMOTO Yu
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hyogo College of Medicine
  • WADA Ryu
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hyogo College of Medicine
  • TAKENOBU Takashi
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hyogo College of Medicine
  • TANAKA Hiroyuki
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hyogo College of Medicine
  • SAWAI Hideaki
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hyogo College of Medicine
  • SHIBAHARA Hiroaki
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hyogo College of Medicine

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Other Title
  • 間葉性異形成胎盤の1例
  • 症例報告 間葉性異形成胎盤の1例
  • ショウレイ ホウコク カンヨウセイイケイセイ タイバン ノ 1レイ

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Placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) is a rare disease involving cystic changes in the placenta, which frequently needs to be differentiated from a partial mole or mole with a coexisting fetus. The associated complications include fetal growth restriction (FGR) and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. In the present report, we describe a case of PMD that needed to be differentiated from mole with a coexisting fetus. In this case, partial hydatidiform changes in the placenta were noted at the 15th week of gestation, and multiple microcysts in the placenta and FGR were noted at the 20th week of gestation. Therefore, the patient was referred to our hospital at the 21st week of gestation. The urinary human chorionic gonadotropin level was 35814 IU/l, which was appropriate for the gestational age. Magnetic resonance imaging findings indicated that the placenta occupied approximately half of the uterine cavity along with mixed cystic components, which suggested a possibility of PMD. At the 32nd week of gestation, an emergency caesarean section was performed due to fetal growth arrest and nonreassuring fetal status. We noted that the placenta (weight 1414g) had multiple microcysts, and the patient was diagnosed with PMD based on the histological findings. The infant had anemia and a decreased platelet count, but no apparent external malformations were noted. [Adv Obstet Gynecol, 66 (2) : 119-123, 2014 (H26.5)]

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