A case of placental mesenchymal dysplasia

MORIMOTO Naoharu, HARADA Kayoko, WAKIMOTO Yu, WADA Ryu, TAKENOBU Takashi, TANAKA Hiroyuki, SAWAI Hideaki, SHIBAHARA Hiroaki

doi:10.11437/sanpunosinpo.66.119

Placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) is a rare disease involving cystic changes in the placenta, which frequently needs to be differentiated from a partial mole or mole with a coexisting fetus. The associated complications include fetal growth restriction (FGR) and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. In the present report, we describe a case of PMD that needed to be differentiated from mole with a coexisting fetus. In this case, partial hydatidiform changes in the placenta were noted at the 15^th week of gestation, and multiple microcysts in the placenta and FGR were noted at the 20^th week of gestation. Therefore, the patient was referred to our hospital at the 21^st week of gestation. The urinary human chorionic gonadotropin level was 35814 IU/l, which was appropriate for the gestational age. Magnetic resonance imaging findings indicated that the placenta occupied approximately half of the uterine cavity along with mixed cystic components, which suggested a possibility of PMD. At the 32^nd week of gestation, an emergency caesarean section was performed due to fetal growth arrest and nonreassuring fetal status. We noted that the placenta (weight 1414g) had multiple microcysts, and the patient was diagnosed with PMD based on the histological findings. The infant had anemia and a decreased platelet count, but no apparent external malformations were noted. [Adv Obstet Gynecol, 66 (2) : 119-123, 2014 (H26.5)]

A case of placental mesenchymal dysplasia

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