Hypotension caused by Habu venom and the antihypotensive effects of some drugs.

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  • ハブ毒による血圧降下と２，３の薬物の抑制効果
  • ハブ ドク ニ ヨル ケツアツ コウカ ト 2 3 ノ ヤクブツ ノ ヨクセイ

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Abstract

A patient bitten by a venomous snake Habu often shows blood pressure fall.<BR>Also in experimental animals an abrupt fall of blood pressure is observed after the injection of Habu venom, and the hemorrage, edema and muscular necrosis are also seen on the site of the injection.<BR>In the course of the study of the venom, it has been noticed that the venom consists of various factors, such as bleeding factor, swelling factor and necrotizing factor.<BR>Myonecrotic factor (MNF) which causes necrosis of muscle was isolated from the crude Habu venom of Amami by precipitating with cold acetone.<BR>In this study we showed the effects of this factor on the hemodynamic changes and also some drugs which inhibit the action of this factor.<BR>When the myonecrotic factor (100 μg/kg) was intravenously injected into dogs, blood pressure fell immediately and gradually returned to the initial normal level.<BR>Similar hemodynamic changes were observed in rats after MNF injection but the duration of hyotensive period was longer. The hypotensive effects of MNF were inhibited by the following injection of antihistamines such as promethazine and dihenhydramine.<BR>Cepharantine, biscoclaurin type alkaloid which is clinically used for the treatment of Habu bite showed antihistaminic, antiserotonic, and antibradykinic action and suppressed the hypotensive action of MNF. Although this drug has been used for the treatment of Habu bite the mechanism is still obscure, and these actions may be involved to some extents.

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