Three types of self-esteem: Its characteristic differences of contingency and contentment of sources of self-esteem

Ito Masaya, Kawasaki Naoki, Kodama Masahiro

doi:10.4992/jjpsy.81.560

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自尊感情の3様態──自尊源の随伴性と充足感からの整理──
自尊感情の3様態--自尊源の随伴性と充足感からの整理
ジソンカンジョウノ 3 ヨウタイジソンゲンノズイハンセイトジュウソクカンカラノセイリ

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Abstract

Previous research and theory (Crocker & Wolfe, 2001; Kernis, 2003) suggests that adaptive self-esteem stems from just being oneself, and is characterized by a sense of authenticity (SOA). Maladaptive self-esteem is derived from meeting external standards and social comparisons, and is characterized by a sense of superiority (SOS). Thus, the qualitative difference between SOA and SOS depends on the sources of self-esteem. We hypothesized that SOA is related to internal sources of self-esteem, while SOS is related to external sources. In order to control for covariance, global self-esteem was also examined in a questionnaire survey of self-esteem that was administered to 273 university students. The results of a partial correlation analysis showed that SOA was positively correlated with internal sources of self-esteem such as committed activities and efforts for self-development. In contrast, SOS was positively correlated with external sources of self-esteem such as approval from others and appearance. These results mainly support our hypotheses.

Journal

The Japanese journal of psychology

The Japanese journal of psychology 81 (6), 560-568, 2011

The Japanese Psychological Association

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