談話文の構造分析 (II) 発達心理学的研究

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • A STUDY OF THE SENTENSE STRUCTURE OF COLLOQUIAL JAPANESE FROM THE STANDPOINT OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY (II)
  • ダンワブン ノ コウゾウ ブンセキ 2 ハッタツ シンリガクテキ ケンキュウ

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説明

Problem: The development of spoken Japanese language, especially in and after the school period may well be measured in terms of how far pupils are accustomed to the proper and peculiar forms of Japanese expressions. From this standpoint a special consideration was paid to the specific usage of “Setsuzoku-Joshi” (conjunctive particle) at the end of a sentence in our previous study. Moreover, a similar form may be found in connectives in complex sentences. It is designated by the writer as the L1 form of expression in the L-classification. The L1 form contains connectives such as “ga” or “keredo”, as used, for example, in the following sentence: “Watakuski-ga Oyamadesu-ga, donna go-yoken-desho-ka?” (My name is Oyama, and what can I do for you?), in which the connective “ga” has no logical relation. It was thus planned first to measure the frequency of the L1 form of expression in usual free conversations made by children and adults and next to investigate it in serious expressions made in their learning activities or meetings in their classrooms. It was finally to be measured in an experimental situasion.<br>Results and discussion: 1) The L-and M-classifications of complex sentences in usual situations (Su) are shown in Table 1 where no L1 form of setence was found at the levels of 4-yesr-old and 1st school grade children. It appeared first in the 3rd grade and gradually incressed thereafter, although the number was not so great; 38 sentences in all. The chief connectives in this form were 24 “keredos” and “gas”.<br>2) The L1 form of expression in serious situations (Ss) appeared also first in the 3rd grade (Table 2). (a) In the learning situations the L1 form of expression appeared only one in the 3rd grade, 1 in the 5th and 4 in the 6th grade. (b) In the meeting situations it was found in considerably many even in the 4th grade. This may indicate that children' s minds have developed by the 4th grade to think of the relations between many things or persons in their conscionsness.<br>3) The above indication was also supported by the experimental results of the language test by completion method (Tables 3, 4 and 5). The proper use of the L1 form of experession seems to relate to the control or such connectives as “kara” or “node”, which refer to causality. Children generally reach such a level by the 4th grade.

収録刊行物

  • 心理学研究

    心理学研究 34 (2), 49-58, 1963

    公益社団法人 日本心理学会

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