AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE GENERALITY OF LEVELS OF ASPIRATION

DOI Web Site

Bibliographic Information

Other Title
  • 要求水準の一般性に関する実験的研究
  • ヨウキュウ スイジュン ノ イッパンセイ ニ カンスル ジッケンテキ ケンキュウ

Search this article

Abstract

On the generality of levels of aspiration, there has been a hypothesis that the generality depends on the similarity of experimental situations (situational-similarity hypothesis).<br>The purpose of this study is to examine our new hypothesis that the generality depends on the similarity of perceived, not actual, situations.<br>For this aim, an experiment was carried out according to the following procedure: 65 subjects were chosen out of 209 children in the 5th or 6th grade of a primary school, and divided into two experimental groups; B-group and U-group. B-group consisted of 33 subjects who were good at both basic exercises and applied ones in arithmetic, while U-group consisted of 32 subjects who were good at basic exercises but poor at applied ones. As tasks for these groups, some samples out of basic exercises (Task I) and some out of applied exercises (Task II) were used. The levels of aspiration were individually measured for all the subjects on each trial by using a technique of prearranged sequences of scores.<br>Main findings were:<br>1. The correlation-coefficients of GD-scores of B-group between Task I and Task II are significantly larger than those of U-group (Table 2 and 3).<br>2. The percentages of subjects fallen into the same class of GD-score in two kinds of tasks within B-group are generally larger than those within U-group (Table 4).<br>3. Average GD-scores of B-group in Task I and Task II, and those of U-group in Task I are not significantly different, but average GD-scores of U-group in Task II are significantly smaller on several trials (Table 5).<br>These results seem to support our new hypothesis rather than the situational-similarity hypothesis.<br>We conclude that the situational-similarity hypothesis could not be accepted and that the level of aspiration should be analyzed with reference to both situational factors and personality characteristics.

Journal

Keywords

Details 詳細情報について

Report a problem

Back to top