植物由来根圏化学シグナルとしてのストリゴラクトンに関する生物有機化学的研究

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タイトル別名
  • Studies on strigolactones as plant signals for rhizosphere communication
  • 学会賞 植物由来根圏化学シグナルとしてのストリゴラクトンに関する生物有機化学的研究
  • ガッカイショウ ショクブツ ユライ コンケン カガク シグナル ト シテ ノ ストリゴラクトン ニ カンスル セイブツ ユウキ カガクテキ ケンキュウ

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<p>Arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi in the phylum Glomeromycota form mutualistic, symbiotic associations with the roots of more than 80% of land plants. The fungi are obligate symbionts incapable of completing their life cycle in the absence of a host. The critical developmental step in their life cycle is hyphal branching, which helps them to ensure contact with the host root and the establishment of symbiosis. We isolated a branching factor from the root exudates of Lotus japonicus and identified it as a strigolactone （SL）, 5-deoxystrigol. SLs are a group of terpene lactones, previously isolated as seed-germination stimulants for the parasitic weeds Striga and Orobanche. SLs were later shown to act as endogenous hormones, or their biosynthetic precursors, that regulate shoot branching. We showed that the structural requirements of SLs for biological activity in AM fungi are similar but not identical to those observed in plants and root parasitic weeds. Carlactone （CL） was first identified as a product of three SL biosynthetic enzymes in vitro. We demonstrated that CL is an endogenous biosynthetic precursor for canonical SLs and that CL undergoes three step oxidation at C-19 by the cytosolic cytochrome P450 MAX1 to carlactonoic acid, which is further converted to methyl carlactonoate which had been tentatively identified as SL-LIKE 1 in Arabidopsis. We also found that not only canonical SLs, but also CL-type SLs can induce hyphal branching in AM fungi.</p>

収録刊行物

  • 植物の生長調節

    植物の生長調節 52 (1), 1-8, 2017

    一般社団法人 植物化学調節学会

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