Resource use conflicts during industrialization : a case study of prewar Joban Yumoto spa

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  • 産業化による資源利用の相克 : 戦前期常磐湯本温泉を事例に
  • サンギョウカ ニ ヨル シゲン リヨウ ノ ソウコク : センゼンキ トキワ ユモト オンセン オ ジレイ ニ

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Abstract

What was the impact on resource use in local communities from mineral resources development during industrialization? This paper explores the characteristics and limitations of resource use in modern Japan through a case study of the clashes between coal companies and residents in the Joban Yumoto spa and mediation efforts by government agencies. The prefectural governors mediated negotiations between residents and the coal companies, which led to the companies paying condolence money. From the time of the First World War mining damage intensified and the administrative agencies changed their tactics. Prefectures intervened in negotiations between the two parties, and the mining inspection office and administrative court preemptively imposed regulations on mining developments that they thought would provoke opposition from community residents. As a result, they were able to avoid clashes. However, this led to a new compensation system for mining damages, in which mining development was allowed, and companies paid monetary compensation after-the-fact. In Japan, without effective preemptive regulations on mining developments, community residents were thus forced to make large sacrifices in exchange for compensation after-the-fact.

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