The match industry in 1930s China and Japan: struggles over the formation of cartels

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  • 1930年代中国のマッチ製造業と日本 : 生産・販売カルテルをめぐって
  • 1930ネンダイ チュウゴク ノ マッチ セイゾウギョウ ト ニホン : セイサン ・ ハンバイ カルテル オ メグッテ

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Abstract

This paper analyzes the process of the formation of production and sales cartels in the match industry in 1930s China at a time when the Japan-China relationship was deteriorating and Chinese companies were experiencing a growing sense of alarm toward the economic activities of Japanese competitors. But people in the match industry in China, moving against this general trend, called for the participation of Japanese capital and explored the formation of Sino-Japanese cartels. However, as the parties took steps to form cartels, conflicts emerged between two groups of Chinese-owned companies. One group, led by Liu Hongsheng, was comprised of larger companies with bases in Jiangnan. This group, operating under instructions of the Nationalist government, strove to form partnerships with Japanese-owned companies and run cartels. The other group, comprised of micro-enterprises located in Shandong and Hebei, opposed the proposed method for calculation of production quotas which was based on concessions to Japanese firms, partly because they were involved in fierce competition with Japanese capital. The problem of the evasion of the consolidated tax was also in the background to the complex disputes between the two groups. Due to these conflicts the cartels were not very effective.

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