Supply and demand of officers in the Japanese shipping industry during the inter war period, 1914-1938

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  • 戦間期日本における高級船員の需給関係 : 1914年～1938年
  • センカンキ ニホン ニ オケル コウキュウ センイン ノ ジュキュウ カンケイ 1914ネン 1938ネン

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Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine the supply and demand of officers engaged in the Japanese ocean-going shipping industry during the interwar period, and analyze the relationship between the shipping market and the officer supply-demand. This paper clarifies the following: First, the relationship between the supply and demand of officers lagged far behind the realities of the shipping market. For example, as a result of World War I, the shipping sector witnessed an unprecedented boom in 1916. It was not until 1918, however, that the supply and demand relationship became overstrained. Then from 1930 until 1935, there was a serious oversupply of officers. This was in contrast to the recovery of the Japanese economy from the Great Depression. Second, the officer supply-demand relation was stable in the 1920s. There were two main causes for this: aggressive shipbuilding by major shipping companies and steady increase in imports, especially bulk cargo, which was the most important freight for the Japanese shipping industry. Third, the human resource policy of major shipping companies with regard to officers was consistent with the above findings; obviously it was under the strong influence of the supply and demand relationship.

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