The Changes of Farm Management and their Characteristics in Rural Hinterland of Paris Metropolitan Region : A Case Study of Etampes County, the Northeastern Part of Beauce Plain

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  • パリ大都市圏の後背農村における農場経営の変化 : ボース平野北東部エタンプ郡の事例
  • パリ ダイトシケン ノ コウハイ ノウソン ニ オケル ノウジョウ ケイエイ

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In this study the authors made clear the changes of farm management in the northeastern part of Beauce plain, Paris metropolitan region (Ile-de-France). In this region many farms were developed the management suitable for physical, socio-economic, historical and cultural environments, and combined grain production and livestock rearing until about 1960. After that the common agricultural policy of European Communities came into force, so that livestock rearing was stopped to specialize arable farming such as grain production and sugar beet cultivation, Especially it was the most important section for farm management and regional economy to produce grain such as wheat and barley. On the other hand, the number of part-time and abandoned farms have increased since the latter period of the 197Os, and many houses for salaried employees have been constructed in the rural hinterland since the l98Os. Therefore urbanization of Paris, that is, parisianisation has influenced characteristics, landscape and farm management in rural hinterland of Ile-de-France since the latter period of the 197Os. In the northeastern part of Beauce plain, the farm management of mixed farming have changed into three types according as the size of a farm and the enterprising attitude of a farmer. The first type is the sustainable large sized farm and its land holding size changes from about 100 hectares to more than 200 hectares. Second type is the developing large sized farm and its land holding size changes from 5O〜100 hectares to more than 100 hectares. Third type is the declining farm such as part-time and abandoned farms and its land holding size changes from 50〜1OO hectares to less than 50 hectares with impact of parisianisation. In this region, the farms of the first type have been developed and enlarged with purchasing and leasing farmland of part-time and abandoned farms. So to speak, the sustainable large sized farms are the minority in rural hinterland of Paris metropolitan region, but their land holdings maintain the great part of rural landscape.

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