日本での観光の人類学的アプローチ

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  • Tourism Study in Cultural Anthropology in Japan

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<p>Tourism studies in the discipline of anthropology began in Japan in the mid-1980s. In 1988, the then-associate professor of the Museum of Ethnology, Shuzo Ishimori, organized a collegium“Ethnological Study on Travel and Tourism,”which was composed of twenty-six researchers (including non-anthropologists). At the same time, a research project headed by Ishimori,“Cultural Anthropological Research on Tourism in Island States,”was funded by the Ministry of Education and fieldwork was carried out in developing countries for three years after 1988. Seven anthropologists participated in the project, most of whom have since led anthropological tourism studies in Japan.</p><p>Reflecting the research trends in Europe and the United States, there were at least three categories of studies on tourism by the end of the 1990s. First, there were studies on the reasons why tourists engaged in tourism; second, studies on the socio-cultural effects of tourism on host societies; third, studies on the“tourism culture”created and refined by the interactions between tourists and host societies. Apart from these, there were studies on community development, poverty alleviation, and the utilization of tourism that emerged in the twenty-first century. Most of these studies have borrowed and applied theories and concepts from other disciplines such as sociology, geography, and so on to the anthropological study of tourism. Furthermore, most of these studies deal with the tourism phenomena among the ethnic minorities in the developing countries in which the researchers have conducted their anthropological research. On the other hand, studies dealing with tourism phenomena in Japan have emerged recently, probably reflecting the social problems in Japan. Case studies on tourism in Japan are still being conducted.</p><p>In this paper, the trend of the anthropological approach to tourism in Japan since the 1980s will be discussed briefly.</p>

収録刊行物

  • 人文地理

    人文地理 62 (6), 548-557, 2010

    一般社団法人 人文地理学会

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