ホミニゼーション直前の飛躍

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • The Sociological Jump before Hominization
  • ホミニゼーション チョクゼン ノ ヒヤク チンパンジーゾク ノ ショクモツ ブ
  • A Re-Evaluation of Food-Sharing in <i>Pan</i> and its Implications for Social Evolution
  • チンパンジー属の食物分配の再評価

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説明

This paper re-evaluates food-sharing in Pan societies from a sociological perspective, with the purpose of creating a better model of food-sharing in human ancestors.<br>A chimpanzee begging food from another will never attack the other nor snatch the food away, even if begging is ignored. Thus, when a food possessor allows beggars to take food, it is not forced but rather voluntary behavior worthy to the term food-sharing. A food-possessor tends to share smaller portion of food, indicating consciousness of sharing and conflict in abandoning desire.<br>Food-sharing suggests the following implications for social evolution. 1) The beginning of intervention by others into the self-maintaining activities of an independent individual. 2) The first form of interaction through the medium of material objects. 3) The voluntary abandonment of desire, made possible through self-consciousness and the capacity to view oneself objectively. 4) The capacity to sence another's desire as one would one's own, a psychological capacity that is the basis of intersubjectivity. 5) A rudimentary form of economics, in which food takes on value and is possessed, although it soon disappears.<br>In this way, advent of food-sharing in the common ancestor of Pan and Homo was linked to great changes in social structure, relations and recognition. It was a jump comparable to advent of reciprocity and systematic food-sharing.

収録刊行物

  • 霊長類研究

    霊長類研究 13 (2), 149-159, 1997

    一般社団法人　日本霊長類学会

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