The Varying Degrees of Societal Relative Deprivation in Migration Process

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     In this study, we attempt to elucidate the dynamic change of the levels of relative deprivation (RD) over time in a society where a number of immigrants enter a society or, conceptually equivalently, a number of newly emerging social groups are formed within a society. The objective of this study is to ascertain whether immigration increases or decreases the level of societal RD and how this mechanism occurs. We explore the problem by using the social network theory, which assumes either a random social network where actors are linked randomly with others in a given society or a biased social network where actors select some others preferentially as possible reference partners, whom we collectively term“reference group.”Estimating the change in the amount of societal RD over time and in accordance with various types of social networks formed by native residents and immigrants through simulation, we conclude that the higher the degree of “inbreeding bias,”the lower the degree of societal RD.

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