COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS OF A FORCE ON A HUMAN LEG IN FLOW OVER A UNDERGROUND STAIRCASE IN URBAN FLOOD

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  • 浸水時地下街階段登段者の脚部に作用する流体力評価に関する計算力学的アプローチ

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A staircase is a route of refuge from underground space at a flood. The important factor to determine the success or failure of refuge is whether a human can climb safely the stair against down-flow current. A flow in staircase is a high-speed flow on a steep slope, which is characterized by an appearance of fragmentation of water and a splash. In this paper, the particle method, which is particularly effective for analysis of violent flow, is applied to estimate hydrodynamic force acting on a model leg installed on stair. A surface integral of local pressure acting on the model leg is calculated to estimate hydrodynamic force on the model leg. The estimated hydrodynamic force reproduces well results of the previous actual-scale hydraulic experiments. Furthermore, flow-velocity distribution, which was impossible to be measured in hydraulic experiments due to the limitation of function of sensors, is estimated.

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