The actual amount of reductions in salt intake among those on a restricted salt diet: From INTERMAP Japan

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  • 減塩食実施者は通常の食生活の人に比べ食塩摂取量がどの程度少ないか？～ＩＮＴＥＲＭＡＰ日本より～
  • From INTERMAP Japan
  • INTERMAP 日本より

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[Background and Purpose] Salt reduction is effective for preventing and improving hypertension, but the actual reductions in the salt intake among those on reduced-salt diets are not well known. We compared the amount of salt intake, nutrients and food composition among two groups-those reporting that they were on a reduced-salt diet (RSD) and those reporting that they were on a normal diet (ND). [Methods] A total of 1, 145 Japanese men and women aged 40-59 years old completed the self-administered questionnaires. Salt intake was assessed through two 24 hour urine collections and four dietary surveys based on 24 hour recall. [Results] Thirty-six subjects reported that they were on a reduced-salt diet. The estimated mean salt intakes after adjusting for sex, age, and BMI derived from sodium excretion into urine were 10.5 ± 0.5 grams and 11.5 ± 0.1 grams (means ± standard errors) for subjects on RSD and ND respectively (p=0.04). The salt intakes estimated from 24 hour recall were 10.0 ±0.5 grams and 11.9 ± 0.1 grams (means± standard errors) for RSD and ND respectively (p<0.001). Additional adjusting for energy-intake also showed the same trends. Subjects on RSD consumed 200kcal less total energy, but the energy composition did not differ significantly between the two groups. Those on a reduced salt diet ate significantly less amounts of grains and processed foods. [Conclusion] We confirmed that those who regarded themselves on the reduced-salt diet actually did take significantly less amounts of salt than those on a normal diet. However, the average salt intake for subjects on RSD did not reach the nationally recommended level of less than 10 grams of salt per day, with only 41.6% of the subjects on RSD achieving it.

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