Evaluation of genetic diversity and relationship in a population of cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) under captivity in Japan

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  • わが国の飼育環境下にあるチーター（Ａｃｉｎｏｎｙｘ　ｊｕｂａｔｕｓ）集団における遺伝的多様性と血縁関係の解析
  • ワガクニ ノ シイク カンキョウ カ ニ アル チーター Acinonyx jubatus シュウダン ニ オケル イデンテキ タヨウセイ ト ケツエン カンケイ ノ カイセキ

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Abstract

Maintaining the genetic diversity of the population of animals under captive condition is important for the preservation of these animals. To evaluate genetic diversity and relationship of captive population of cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), we performed genetic analysis of 62 cheetahs maintained at eight facilities of Japan using 17 microsatellite markers developed for parentage test of the domestic cat. Specific fragments were amplified by PCR in all of these 17 markers and 15 of the 17 markers were polymorphic in the cheetah showing that the set of cat markers can be used for genetic analysis of the cheetah. The average number of alleles per locus, mean observed heterozygosity, and mean PIC were 4.65, 0.6398, and 0.5931, respectively, in the 62 animals. These data indicated that genetic diversity of the population of cheetahs in the present study was not significantly different from those reported in the wild cheetah populations. For the parentage test, the calculated combined probability of exclusion using these 15 markers was 0.99973, indicating that the set of these microsatellite markers are valuable for the parentage test of the cheetah. We, then, examined parentage of pairs of animals according to the pedigree record and confirmed correct parentages in this population. Bayesian clustering and phylogenetic analysis using shared allele distances were used to examine the genetic relationship among the 62 cheetahs. The result of the clustering analysis delineated 5 distinct genetic clusters in the population. The groups of animals possessing more than 80% of single cluster or divided by the obtained phyrogenetic dendrogram essentially correspond to the pedigrees of cheetahs. These results indicated that the set of cat microsatellite markers can be used for the research on the genetic diversity and relationship of cheetah which are required for preservation and management of the captive cheetah population in Japan.

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