稲ワラの化学組成とin vitro乾物消化率に及ぼす水分含量と各種添加剤の影響

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  • Effect of Moisture Content and Different Levels of Additives on Chemical Composition and in vitro Dry Matter Digestibility of Rice Straw
  • Effect of Moisture Content and Differen

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The effects of additives and a combination of alkaline or enzyme treatment with that of a nitrogenous compound on improvement for the utilization of rice straw by ruminants were determined. In experiment 1, rice straw of ca 500g dry matter (DM) each was treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), urea, ammonia, NaOH+urea, Ca(OH)2+ urea, and cellulolytic enzymes such as clampzyme and cellulase with or without urea adjusting the DM level to 65% or 80% and the effect on the chemical composition and the in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of rice straw was observed. The pH of the straw increased with NaOH, Ca(OH)2 and urea treatments (P<0.05). The treatment of straw with urea alone or in combination with other chemicals prevented the mold growth except for Ca(OH)2+urea at 80% DM level. The treatment of straw with urea or ammonia increased the crude protein (CP) content (P<0.05). Ammonia formation from urea was partly inhibited by the addition of NaOH or Ca(OH)2. The crude ash content was increased by NaOH or Ca(OH)2 treatment. The treatments lowered the neutral detergent fiber (NDF), which was generally lower at 65% DM level than at 80%. At 65% DM level, NaOH and Ca(OH)2 treatments remarkably improved IVDMD depending on the concen-tration of the additives. Urea and ammonia treatment also improved IVDMD, but the extent was not so great. The addition of urea to alkalis showed slight increase on IVDMD. In general, the IVDMD of the treated straws was higher at 65% DM level than at 80%. The improvement achieved by ammonia treatment in experiment 1 was very low. Therefore, experiment 2 was conducted to verify the effect of ammonia on the IVDMD value of rice straw. In experiment 2, rice straw of 5kg DM each was treated with either 6kg urea or 3kg ammonia per 100kg straw DM and the DM level was adjusted to 65%, 72.5% or 80%. Ammonia treatment tended to lower the NDF and hemicellulose content. The IVDMD was higher by ammonia treatment than by urea treatment (P<0.05). The difference in the extent of improvement by ammonia treatment between the experiment 1 and 2 might be due to the different treatment methods. From these results, the treatment with NaOH 2%+urea 4% at both DM levels and Ca(OH)2 4%+urea 4% at 65% DM level seems to be more favorable for higher CP content, prevention of mold growth and improved IVDMD.

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  • 日本畜産学会報

    日本畜産学会報 68 (3), 273-284, 1997

    公益社団法人 日本畜産学会

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