膨張ゴーダチーズより酪酸菌の分離とその性状

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タイトル別名
  • Isolation and Characterization of Clostridia from Gouda Cheese with Late Gas-Blowing
  • ボウチョウ ゴーダ チーズ ヨリ ラクサンキン ノ ブンリ ト ソノ セイジョ

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説明

This study establishes the identity of organisms creating late gas-blowing in Gouda cheese made in Japan. Gouda cheese was made from non-bactofugated, winter milk. No nitrate was added. The cheese was ripened at 13-16°C for 4 months. Of the 30 cheese samples, 11 showed gas-blowing within 2 months. Wide eccentric splits surrounded by large gas holes were found in most of the cheese. Clostridia was the cause. Clostridia grown in differential reinforced clostridial medium (DRCM) contained two colony types: large black colonies and small brown colonies. Black colonies in blown cheeses were below 30cfu per gram, the same as in normal cheeses. Of the 105 isolates of black colonies, 86 were Clostridium sporogenes, 11 were Cl. beijerinckii, and 8 were Cl. butyricum. The brown colonies in blown cheese were 102-104 cfu per gram and in normal cheese were below 10 cfu per gram. All brown colonies were identified as Cl. tyrobutyricum. So we believe the late gas-blowing in Gouda cheese was caused by Cl. tyrobutyricum. Isolated Cl. tyrobutyricum KS-222 did not grow in skim milk, but it grew and produced gas when S. lactis subsp. lactis was inoculated into skim milk. Cl. tyrobutyricum KS-222 produced few spores in DRCM, but up to 2.1% of the cells were sporulated by using molasses-soytone broth. Cl. tyrobutyricum KS-222 spore outgrowth occurred at temperatures above 7-10°C and pH values above 4.5-5.0. The effect of NaCl concentration on Cl. tyrobutyricum KS-222 spore outgrowth depended strongly on the pH values. Two percent NaCl concentration at pH 5.0, 4% NaCl at pH5.5, and 6% NaCl at pH6.0-6.5 prevented spore outgrowth. The restraining effect of nitrate on Cl. tyrobutyricum KS-222 spore outgrowth at optimum pH values was similar to those for NaCl. But spore outgrowth was strongly inhibited by nitrite concentrations as low as 0.005%.

収録刊行物

  • 日本畜産学会報

    日本畜産学会報 61 (7), 591-598, 1990

    公益社団法人 日本畜産学会

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