〈言語学と言語障害学との接点〉　　現代言語学と言語障害学

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  • Finding the Common Ground between Linguistics and Communication Disorders: Modern Linguistics and Speech Pathology
  • ゲンダイ ゲンゴガク ト ゲンゴ ショウガイガク

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A brief history of modern linguistics is presented, with an emphasis on the driving force that has prompted the development of contemporary linguistic theory, i. e., the search for a deeper and more elegant explanatory theory of the language faculty. It is then argued that current linguistic theory ought to be expanded and modified in such a way as to be more directly linked to speech pathology. Two specific proposals to that end are made. First, it is necessary to break Merge (a primitive recursive operation in linguistic theory) into two distinct sub-operations, Combination and Labeling, and to claim that Combination is attributed to general cognitive capacities not specific to language, while Labeling is, for the moment at least, quite specific to language. Thus, in Broca's aphasics, the former operation seems to be retained whereas the latter operation is quite easily lost. Second, in order to account for the existence of linguistic diversity vis-à-vis linguistic universals, it is necessary to incorporate, over and above the invariant biological principles of human language, the effects of social interactions into the mathematical model of language acquisition. A game-theoretic approach is suggested as an optimal way to achieve this goal.

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