Functional anatomy and neuropsychological assessments of frontal lobe : a review

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  • Satoh Masayuki
    Department of Dementia Prevention and Therapeutics Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University.

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  • 前頭葉の機能解剖と神経心理検査 : 脳賦活化実験の結果から

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In this review, I explained the functional anatomy and neuropsychological assessments of frontal lobe, representing some cases with frontal dysfunction. Frontal lobe could be separated into following three portions : convex, orbitofrontal, and medial. The damage of each portion revealed the characteristic symptoms, that is dysexecutive syndrome, disinhibition, and akinetic mutismn, respectively. Neuropsychological tests of frontal function contain Stroop test, word fluency, Trail-Making Test (TMT) , Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) , and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) . Brain regions activated by these tests were investigated through the activation studies using functional MRI and positron emission tomography (PET) . Nowadays, the FAB is frequently used in the clinical situation, but we should notice that the low score of the FAB does not always mean frontal lobe dysfunction.

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