Effects of a deer-proof fence in a high-deer-density area on the recovery of bumblebee communities in Oku-Nikko, Japan

DOI Web Site 1 Citations
  • Okuda Kei
    Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University
  • Tamura Yoshitada
    Graduate School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University
  • Seki Yoshikazu
    Laboratory of Wildlife Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
  • Yamawo Akira
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science:Laboratory of Ecological Science, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University
  • Koganezawa Masaaki
    Center for Weed and Wildlife Management, Utsunomiya University

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  • ニホンジカの高密度下における防鹿柵の設置がマルハナバチ群集の回復に寄与する効果
  • ニホンジカ ノ コウミツド カ ニ オケル ボウカ サク ノ セッチ ガ マルハナバチ グンシュウ ノ カイフク ニ キヨ スル コウカ

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Abstract

To understand the impact of deer population growth and deer-proof fences on bumblebee communities, we investigated the bumblebee community structure and plant types that bumblebees visited inside and outside deer-proof fences constructed 14 years ago in Oku-Nikko, Japan. We also reviewed reports on the bumblebee communities before the deer population increased and immediately before the fence was built. Cluster analysis was used to divide the bumblebee communities into two groups. Group I included the area before the deer population increased, in which Bombus beaticola predominated, and involved high rates of visits to the flowers of plants preferably eaten by deer. Group II included the areas inside and outside the fences, immediately before their establishment. Predominant Group II species included B. honshuensis, with high rates of visits to flowers of plants that were not preferred by deer. These findings suggest that no remarkable recovery of the bumblebee community has been achieved 14 years after building the deer-proof fences. This might be because of a decrease in plant underground organs and buried seeds or a decline in plant fertility resulting from bumblebee population changes due to deer overabundance. Thus, a long time is required to restore both the plant and bumblebee communities after deer exclusion.

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