Distribution and habitat environment of a threatened plant, Penthorum chinense Pursh, in the tidal compartment of the Kiso River

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  • Higa Motoki
    Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University
  • Moroi Arimichi
    Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University
  • Sakai Akiko
    Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University
  • Ohno Keiichi
    Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University

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Other Title
  • 木曽川感潮域における絶滅危惧植物タコノアシの分布特性と生育適地
  • キソガワ カンチョウイキ ニ オケル ゼツメツ キグ ショクブツ タコノアシ ノ ブンプ トクセイ ト セイイク テキチ

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We investigated distribution and habitat preference of a threatened plant, Penthorum chinense Pursh, in the tidal compartment of the Kiso River. The study site was located in the transitional area of the floodplain between a natural levee and delta. Our field survey revealed that many P. chinense individuals occurred at higher elevation sites, where the Salix chaenomeloides community predominantly exists, although there were no traces of disturbance. This suggests that P. chinense does not depend on a disturbance for its establishment. This is contrary to studies in other areas. To determine the preferred conditions of P. chinense we investigated the relationship between six environmental factors and growth and flowering using model selection with maximum likelihood estimation. Our results indicated that sediment surface hardness was the most important factor. The open quaggy sites with ground surface sediment hardness of 0.16-0.82kg/cm^2, 20-60% RPPFD at 3m, inundation of 3.97-5.84h/day, a fine sediment depth of 32-40cm on the ground surface, a median diameter of 0.048-0.053mm for sediment and sediment sorting coefficients of 1.24-1.79 were most suitable for growth and flowering. Although the environment was similar, P. chinense population density was low at lower elevations, where other herbaceous plants dominated. Since submergence or saline stress cannot be regarded as the limiting factor, interspecific competition is likely to be important in the spatial distribution of P. chinense along the elevation gradient within the floodplain.

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