Natural hybridization between invading Dendranthema indicum and native D. occidentalijaponense at a site in Ehime Prefecture, Shikoku

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  • ノリ面緑化現場における外来シマカンギクと在来ノジギクとの自然交雑事例
  • 実践報告 ノリ面緑化現場における外来シマカンギクと在来ノジギクとの自然交雑事例
  • ジッセン ホウコク ノリメン リョクカ ゲンバ ニ オケル ガイライ シマカンギク ト ザイライ ノジギク ト ノ シゼン コウザツ ジレイ

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Abstract

Dendranthema indicum (tetraploid with 2n = 36, rarely with B chromosome(s)), a wild chrysanthemum, is distributed mainly in Japan, Korea, and China. A survey of plants on roadside slopes in Oda Town, Ehime Prefecture, found a wild chrysanthemum population identified as D. indicum sensu lato that differed from native Japanese populations in that it had adventitious roots on the middle/upper stems, which is characteristic of var. procumbens, a variety of D. indicum that is distributed in southeastern China. As the population was restricted to a recently built roadside slope that was seeded with shrubs, and no population of native D. indicum was found nearby, the chrysanthemum likely invaded from elsewhere, probably China. In addition, putative hybrids between D. occidentalijaponense (hexaploid with 2n = 54), a wild chrysanthemum endemic to Japan, and the invader D. indicum were found nearby. Cytological studies revealed that these hybrids included the first generation (2n = 45, pentaploid), further generations, and a heptaploid (2n = 63) thought to be derived from an unreduced D. indicum gamete (n = 36) and a normal D. occidentalijaponense gamete (n = 27). This genetic contamination of D. occidentalijaponense and genetic invasion by a foreign chrysanthemum is a cause for great concern.

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