Effects of winter flooding on aquatic fauna in lotus and rice fields during the growing season

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  • ハス田とイネ田における冬期湛水の有無が作物成長期の水生動物相に与える影響
  • ハスダ ト イネダ ニ オケル トウキタンスイ ノ ウム ガ サクモツ セイチョウキ ノ スイセイ ドウブツソウ ニ アタエル エイキョウ

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Abstract

We compared the aquatic fauna in ordinary rice fields, which are dry in winter, with those in lotus fields, which are flooded in winter. We carried out biweekly sampling of zooplankton and small aquatic animals at 15 pairs of adjacent rice and lotus fields in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, during the crop-growing season, when both types of paddy are flooded. Zooplankton were more abundant in the lotus fields than in the rice fields. The total number and biomass of small aquatic animals peaked in early June in the rice fields, but continued to increase in July in the lotus fields. In the rice fields, crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) dominated in May and tadpoles and insects dominated in June. In the lotus fields, Rana japonica tadpoles dominated from April to May and fish dominated from June to July. Some insects (Rhantus pulverosus and Berosus signaticollis), fish (Carassius spp., Pseudorasbora parva), and R. japonica tadpoles were more abundant in the lotus fields than in the rice fields, while dragonfly larva (Sympetrum spp.) and Hyla japonica tadpoles were more abundant in the rice fields than in the lotus fields. The observed differences in fauna may be the result not only of winter flooding but also of differences in water management and in the application of fertilizer and pesticides.

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