Floral Morphology and Inheritance of the Long-lasting Flower Trait (Misome-Sho) in Japanese Evergreen Azalea Cultivars

Gobara Yu, Cheon Kyeong-Seong, Nakatsuka Akira, Kobayashi Nobuo

doi:10.2503/hrj.16.383

<p>The flower trait of a long-lasting corolla with a temporal color change, called “misome-sho”, is found in several evergreen azalea cultivars of Japan. For the purpose of applying the “misome-sho” trait for breeding, we investigated the floral morphology and inheritance pattern using these cultivars and their crossed progenies. All five “misome-sho” cultivars have smaller corolla and smaller epidermal cells on the abaxial surface of the corolla compared with wild type flowers. Also “misome-sho” cultivars have a number of stomata and trichomes on the abaxial surface of the corolla. This may lead to sepaloid features occurring at the corolla. All F₁ progenies between wild type flowers and “misome-sho” cultivars showed wild type flowers. On the other hand, all F₁ progenies between “misome-sho” cultivars showed “misome-sho” trait flowers. Wild type flowers and “misome-sho” trait flowers were segregated at a 3 : 1 ratio in the crossed progenies between F₁ hybrids of wild type flowers and “misome-sho” cultivars. These results indicate that the “misome-sho” trait is controlled by a single recessive gene and a similar morphological mutation is caused by a common gene mutation in “misome-sho” cultivars. To increase the size of the small corolla of “misome-sho” cultivars, the effectiveness of using large-flower cultivars as cross parents was indicated in a breeding program.</p>

Floral Morphology and Inheritance of the Long-lasting Flower Trait (Misome-Sho) in Japanese Evergreen Azalea Cultivars

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