Role of Triglyceride, Adiponectin, and Body Mass Index in Identifying Insulin Resistance in Japanese Isolated Impaired Glucose Tolerance Male Subjects

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Background Japanese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are unique in that they can be divided into two variants: one with insulin resistance and the other with normal insulin sensitivity. The factors responsible for insulin resistance in IGT subjects, however, are not fully clarified.<br>Methods Ninety-seven Japanese isolated IGT male subjects were recruited for the assessment of insulin action (homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)), fasting lipid profile, and other variables including high molecular weight adiponectin (HMW adiponectin). <br>Results BMI and HOMA-IR were 24.1±0.3 kg/m2(range, 17.7 to 33.1) and 1.09±0.08 (range, 0.19 to 5.92), respectively. Thus, there was a wide variation in BMI and HOMA-IR in these subjects. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed a strong, independent association between HOMA-IR and age, BMI, or HDL cholesterol in all subjects studied. In contrast, analysis of the midrange BMI group (21.5 to 27.0kg/m2) showed that HOMA-IR was independently associated with serum TG and serum HMW adiponectin but was not associated with age, BMI, or HDL cholesterol.<br>Conclusions Firstly, Japanese isolated IGT male subjects had a wide range of insulin sensitivity index, indicating that they could be divided into two variants: insulin resistance and normal insulin sensitivity. Secondly, the degree of BMI per se affects the factors associated with insulin resistance in isolated IGT male subjects. Finally, Japanese isolated IGT male subjects without insulin resistance have a low cardiovascular disease risk factor whereas those with insulin resistance have a markedly increased cardiovascular disease risk factor. (Ningen Dock 2011; 25: 31-36)

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