Periodontal disease: Chronic low-grade inflammation accelerating aging

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  • Nishimura Fusanori
    Department of Dental Science for Health Promotion, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
  • Soga Yoshihiko
    Department of Patho-physiology/Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
  • Yamashita Akiko
    Department of Dental Science for Health Promotion, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan

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Abstract

Periodontal disease has been recognized as local infectious disease, which becomes major cause of tooth loss in the adults. However, it is now being re-recognized as low-grade inflammatory disease exhibiting negative impact on the host. It is believed that severer form of periodontal disease is often seen in diabetic and/or obese subjects. This may be associated with chronic immuno-activation due to hyperadipocytokinemia as well as hyperglycemia. Severe periodontal inflammation, in turn, acts to evoke insulin resistance and to accelerate atherosclerotic changes. Therefore, the disease may accelerate the fatigue of pancreatic β-cells as well as vascular inflammation. Overall, the disease may promotes the aging itself. Because of these unwanted negative effects of the disease, it is very important to understand the molecular mechanisms as to why such small, local inflammation due to oral infectious disease is intensified to the levels of influencing our systemic health. Here in this mini-review, we discuss about the negative effects of periodontal disease on acceleration of aging.

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