Role of the Organized Cytoskeletal Actin Fiber Structure in Osteoblastic Response to Mechanical Stimulus

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  • SATO Katsuya
    Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University
  • NISHIJIMA Shogo
    Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University
  • ADACHI Taiji
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kobe University
  • TOMITA Yoshihiro
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kobe University

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Other Title
  • アクチン細胞骨格構造の量が培養骨芽細胞の力学刺激応答特性に及ぼす影響
  • アクチン サイボウ コッカク コウゾウ ノ リョウ ガ バイヨウコツ ガ サイボウ ノ リキガク シゲキ オウトウ トクセイ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ

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Bone responds to change in mechanical environment and adaptively remodels the internal structure and external shape. Therefore, for bone cells, such as bone-forming osteoblasts, a mechanical stimulus as well as biochemical signaling plays an important role in the regulation of their activities. Many studies on various osteoblastic responses to mechanical stimulus have been reported; however, the mechanosensory mechanism by which cells sense the stimulus and translate it to biochemical signaling is not clearly understood. Cytoskeletal actin fibers have been proposed as one of the candidates playing an important role in the mechanosensory mechanism. In this study, we hypothesize that the organized network structure of actin fibers is essential in the mechanosensory mechanism. Three groups of osteoblast-like cells with different amounts of controlled actin fiber structure were prepared by controlling polymerization time after treatment with cytochalasin D. By applying mechanical stimulus to a single osteoblast-like cell, as localized deformation of the cytomembrane by direct indentation with a glass microneedle, a calcium signaling response to thestimulus was observed using a fluorescent calcium indicator, Fluo 4, under a confocal laser-scanning microscope. As aresult, cells responded more sensitively to the applied deformation with a larger amount of actin fiber structure, and afew cells without an organized structure responded to stimulus as well. These results suggest that the organized actin fiber structure is not necessarily essential in the mechanism by which the mechanical stimulus is transduced into a calcium signaling response, but plays a supporting role indirectly, such as improving the efficiency of transmitting the stimulus to the cell or amplifying the stimulus itself.

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