小学生における高次神経活動の実態とそれに及ぼす生活状況の検討：go/no-go課題における誤反応数と型判定の結果を基に

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  • The actual situation of the higher nervous activity in elementary school children, and living conditions related to the type of higher nervous activity by Go/No-go task
  • ショウガクセイ ニ オケル コウジ シンケイ カツドウ ノ ジッタイ ト ソレニ オヨボス セイカツ ジョウキョウ ノ ケントウ : go/no-go カダイ ニ オケル ゴハンノウスウ ト カタハンテイ ノ ケッカ オ モト ニ

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Recently, there is anticipation for delayed or distorted higher nervous activity of the Japanese children. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the higher nervous activity of recent children by using the go/no-go task. Additionally, the purpose was to examine living factors related to higher nervous activity. Subjects were 1,585 healthy children who were from 1st to 6th graders in elementary schools. The all investigations were carried out in quiet classroom at respective school from September to December 2013. For this study, we used the “go/no-go task” that was devised by Luria, A. R. The false reaction number and the type of the higher nervous activity against go/no-go tasks were used by analysis in this study. The type of each subject was classified into five (melancholic, choleric, inhibitory, phlegmatic and sanguine type) as regard the higher nervous activity based on Pavlov, I. P. theory. On the other hand, the items of questionnaire about living conditions consisted of after-school situations, sleep conditions and morning physical activities in school. The results were as follows：1) Subjects for this study were the elementary school children who had a short electronic media time, and a long physical activity time. 2) In the examination of the false reaction number and the typologies of higher nervous activity by go/no-go task, it was shown that the grade change was not different in boys and girls, that there was more number of the false reactions in no-go task and no task of boys than girls, that all the false reactions decrease with grade progress, and that the incidence of “Melancholic type” which was the most childish was high value. 3) In the multiple logistic regression of the relation between types of the higher nervous activity and living conditions, it was confirmed that the morning physical activity in school had a good influence on the higher nervous activity of the child. These results suggest that creating, validating the evidence and accumulating the practice in morning physical activities at school are the future subjects.

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