A dark side of the human mind: Affective dysfunction as a function of psychopathy

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  • Osumi Takahiro
    Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
  • Ohira Hideki
    Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University

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Other Title
  • 心の闇の側面―サイコパシーにおける感情の機能低下―
  • ココロ ノ ヤミ ノ ソクメン : サイコパシー ニ オケル カンジョウ ノ キノウ テイカ
  • ─サイコパシーにおける感情の機能低下─

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Abstract

This review summarizes empirical findings that have shown affective deficits of psychopathy. Previous studies have accounted for a failure of moral socialization in individuals with psychopathy in terms of low levels of fearfulness and empathy that may lead to an attenuated ability to inhibit deviant behaviors in response to punishments and distress cues from others. Both low-fear and low-empathy hypotheses have implied that a neural basis of psychopathy is a dysfunction of amygdala, a brain region of the center in affective processing. However, the affective dysfunction of psychopathy can also be associated with adaptive behaviors to maximize gains and minimize losses in some situations. Hence, we propose that psychopathy is one side of humans to shape a selfish strategy if necessary.

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