EXPERIMENT ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN COASTAL LAKES INDUCED BY TSUNAMI INTRUSION

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  • 沿岸湖沼に突入する津波による地形変化に関する水理実験
  • エンガン コショウ ニ トツニュウ スル ツナミ ニ ヨル チケイ ヘンカ ニ カンスル スイリ ジッケン

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Abstract

 Understanding of characteristics of morphology change induced by tsunamis is necessary for estimation of magnitudes of historical tsunamis. In this study, morphology change in coastal lakes caused by tsunami intrusion is discussed through a hydraulic model experiment. A horizontal open channel with 1/100 model of a coastal lake was used for a movable bed experiment. Temporal variation of bed shapes under dam-break flow is extracted from video images recorded from the side by a high-speed camera. And three dimensional bed shapes before and after the experiment are measured by an image measurement technique to get horizontal distributions of bed level changes. In this technique, object surfaces under color dot illumination from a PC projector are recorded by a digital camera, and three-dimensional coordinates of the color dots reflected on the surfaces are determined with geometrical relationship between the camera and the projector.<br> Local scour was developed around seaward end of the lake model by the dam-break flow in all cases. While the erosion was limited in the area near the seaward end of the lake, deposition was observed in wider area behind the scour. With higher wave condition, the scour behind the mound was deeper and wider. While the deposition area behind the scour was also wider with the higher waves, maximum thickness of the deposit layer was smaller. It is found that a rate of increase of the scour depth is almost same among the cases with different wave conditions and hense duration of higher velocity is more important factor to increase the scour depth.

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