Unconscious Memory Formation and Effective Learning: English Learning for Primary School Students based on Reminiscence

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  • レミニセンスと学習効果 : 小学生用英語学習プログラムの結果からの考察
  • レミニセンス ト ガクシュウ コウカ : ショウガクセイヨウ エイゴ ガクシュウ プログラム ノ ケッカ カラ ノ コウサツ

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We gained reminiscence when we retested the students of a primary school in our district for whom we applied our English learning program after 1-2 weeks later of learning. In order to seek the factors of our program which elicited the reminiscence （memory improvement without relearning）, we studied the researches about reminiscence and hypermnesia. Ballard（1913）found young children and intellectually handicapped children showed much reminiscence. Because of cognitive immaturity, it is thought for them to need some time for accumulating information by means of unconscious memory formation. Cognitive immaturity in learning contains the shortage of information and image thinking which is thought to be a low level ability for information processing. In our program, the students must answer questions by compensating the shortage of information and they understand the meaning of English sentences by imaging daily life. These factors of our program might promote unconscious memory formation and effortless learning.

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