A Review of Studies on Support for Children with Cognitive Difficulties : Comparison of the Cognitive Characteristics between Children with Physical Disabilities and Those with Learning Disabilities

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  • 認知に困難のある子どもへの支援 : 肢体不自由の子どもと学習障害の子どもの比較
  • ニンチ ニ コンナン ノ アル コドモ エ ノ シエン : シタイ フジユウ ノ コドモ ト ガクシュウ ショウガイ ノ コドモ ノ ヒカク

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A number of studies have reported cognitive difficulties in children with physical disabilities, while others have reported the cognitive characteristics of children with learning disabilities. The author has reviewed and identified important studies on cognitive difficulties in children with physical disabilities as well as those learning disabilities. The relevant literature about cognitive characteristics in children with physical disabilities fell into the following categories:1) visual perception;2) visual-motor coordination; and 3) concept formation. The literature about cognitive characteristics of children with learning disabilities fell into the following categories:1) visual-motor coordination;3) attention;4) memory; and 5) problem solving. The author discussed common findings and different points between physical disabilities and learning disabilities. The author then examined two case studies in order to find similarities and differences: one, a child with physical disabilities and the other, a child with learning disabilities, from the viewpoint of common cognitive characteristics and uniqueness between the two cases. Finally, the author discussed the importance and usefulness of support that recognizes the cognitive characteristics of children who have cognitive difficulties.

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