Hypermnesia in recognition and recall tasks using droodles

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  • ドルードル課題を用いた再認と再生の記憶高進
  • ドルードル カダイ オ モチイタ サイニン ト サイセイ ノ キオク コウシン

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This study investigated whether or not recognition hypermnesia would occur based on the imagery hypothesis (Erdelyi & Becker, 1974; Erdelyi & Stein, 1981) and the alternative retrieval pathways (ARP) hypothesis (Kazén & Solís-Macías, 1999). Twelve university students were asked to study 30 pairs of droodle stimulus (in “label” conditions in Experiment 1 and 3, and “no-label” conditions in Experiment 2 and 4) and to undertake three successive recognition (Experiment 1 and 2) or recall (Experiment 3 and 4) tests. Although recognition hypermnesia was observed in Experiment 1, it was not found in Experiment 2, as both two hypotheses would predict. The result of Experiment 3 where recall hypermnesia occurred, is also consistent with predictions from both hypotheses. While the ARP hypothesis predicts no recall hypermnesia in Experiment 4, the imagery hypothesis does not. The absence of recall hypermnesia in Experiment 4 therefore supports the ARP hypothesis rather than the imagery hypothesis. In conclusion,when there are no ceiling effects, recognition hypermnesia for meaningful pictures is a reliable phenomenon, and the findings from this study support the ARP hypothesis.

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