Unusual Reactivity of Group 14 Hydrides toward Organic Halides: Synthetic Studies and Application to Functional Materials

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<p>Extensive investigation of functional organosilicon and organogermanium compounds has identified various valuable applications in organic chemistry and advanced materials. This review summarizes the major developments of metal-mediated coupling reactions between group 14 hydrides and organic halides during the last decade with an emphasis on our own studies. High reactivity and selectivity have been achieved for C-Si and C-Ge bond formations under mild conditions. This transformation shows good functional group compatibility, and can serve as a powerful tool for the synthesis of medicinal, pharmaceutical, agrochemical, electrical, and photoluminescent compounds. Ground- and excited-state properties of fluorescence materials have been investigated by DFT and TD-DFT calculations, and several important aspects of the experimental observations have been validated. Direct functionalization of H-terminated Si and Ge surfaces has been demonstrated utilizing Pd-mediated arylation reactions, illustrating the potential for further development of the Pd-catalyzed reactions for the organic modification of semiconductor surfaces.</p>

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