イスティアーザの祈祷句に見られるクルアーンの受容に関して

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タイトル別名
  • On the Reception of the Qur'an through a Prayer of “Isti'adhah”
  • イスティアーザ ノ キトウク ニ ミラレル クルアーン ノ ジュヨウ ニ カン

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抄録

In this article, we consider how a scripture of the Qur'an has been received by Muslims. My interest is focused on a prayer of Isti'adhah which is used as a refuge from Satan, beseeching Allah's assistance. Isti'adhah, composed of '-w-dh, is found in 17 places of the Qur'an and covers three scriptural roles which Graham indicated: (1) scripture in public ritual, (2) scripture in devotional and spiritual life, (3) magical and superstitious use of scripture. There are three main modes of the receptions, i. e. interpretations, of Isti'adhah.<br>First, Isti'adhah is used in Muslim daily life as a spell which has various kinds of effects, an especially strong effect as a cure. It is because both Surah 113 and 114, called Mu'awwidhatani, begin with Isti'adhah. There are a lot of Hadiths, for example in Sahihayni, reporting that Muhammad used the Mu'awwidhatani for a cure.<br>Secondly, Isti'adhah is recited before Qira'ah according to Qur. 16:98, though there was an argument whether it should be recited before or after Qira'ah. Mufassirun interpreted this action as preparation for Qira'ah, especially as purgation.<br>Thirdly, Isti'adhah of Qur. 16:98 was interpreted by Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, at the beginning of his tafsir “Mafatih al-ghayb”, i. e. at the interpretation of the Surah Fatihah, as a prayer which makes a reciter head for union with Allah and reach the situation just before obliteration of self. This is the most spiritual interpretation of Isti'adhah.<br>Isti'adhah in the Qur'an is, as I mentioned above, understood in various ways of interpretation, i. e. modes of reception.

収録刊行物

  • オリエント

    オリエント 40 (1), 90-105, 1997

    一般社団法人 日本オリエント学会

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