Impacts of human disturbances by boats on waterbirds wintering on the shores of Lake Biwa, Japan

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  • Hashimoto Hiroshi
    Department of Environmental Bioscience, Faculty ofAgriculture, Meijo University
  • Sugawa Hisashi
    Fukakusa Campus, Ryukoku University
  • Nishino Machiko
    Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute Present office: Biwa Seikei Sport College
  • Ishikawa Toshiyuki
    Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute Present office: Faculty of Education, Shiga University

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  • 船の接近が琵琶湖で越冬する水鳥に与える影響の種群ごとの違い
  • フネ ノ セッキン ガ ビワコ デ エットウ スル スイチョウ ニ アタエル エイキョウ ノ シュグン ゴト ノ チガイ

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We studied the impacts of human disturbances by boats on wintering waterbirds at 2 sites, in the North and South of Lake Biwa, a Ramsar wetland in Shiga Prefecture, Japan. Most land-feeding ducks (Anas platyrhynchos, An. poecilorhyncha, An. crecca, and An. formosd) slept offshore during the daytime. Herbivorous ducks (An. penelope, An. strepera, and An, falcata) foraged on the water surface. Diving herbivorous waterbirds (Fulica atra) foraged by diving offshore in the North, and by surface-feeding over a wide area of the water surface in the South. Most diving ducks (Ayihya ferina, Ay. fuligula, Ay. marila, and Bucephala clangula) slept on the water surface near the shoreline during the daytime, and some individuals started diving to forage in the afternoon. At both sites, waterbirds were often disturbed by fishing boats. Some birds flew away from the disturbance, but the species foraging in the daytime tended to come back to the same area and resume foraging promptly, whereas the species sleeping in the daytime tended not to come back.

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