THE TRANSITION OF TYPOLOGIES IN FRENCH RAILWAY STATION LAYOUT OF THE 19<sup>TH</sup> CENTURY

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  • 19世紀フランス駅舎平面計画の変遷
  • 19セイキ フランス エキシャ ヘイメン ケイカク ノ ヘンセン

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Abstract

In France, from the beginning of the railway age in the 19th century, many engineers and architects tried to analyse the typologies of station layout. In these analyses, the sandwich type whose departure and arrival facilities were disposed in both sides of tracks, was considered to be standard layout. In France, after the check in, passengers had to stay in waiting rooms and they could enter in the platform only few minutes before the departure. It took almost half century that the free entry system was allowed although this closed system were criticized from the beginning of railway era. After introduction of new system, station layouts were changed. The entrance hall was more important than waiting rooms in the function of the station. The L type and the frontal layouts, that were considered to be flexible for the future extension, were gradually transformed so that they could adapted to the free entry system. In this research, we clarify the mutual influence between the analyses of station layout and the historical transition.

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