LANDSLIDE DETECTION ANALYSIS IN NORTH VIETNAM BASE ON SATELLITE IMAGES AND DIGITAL GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION - LANDSAT 8 SATELLITE AND HISTORICAL DATA APPROACHES -

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 Mountainous area in North Vietnam is considered as one of the most prone region to landslide in Vietnam. Landslides in this area often occurs under the influences of heavy rainfall or tropical storms, steep slopes on mountainous sides and human activities such as road or house constructions. This paper applied Landsat satellite images and calculated Normalized Difference Indexes (NDIs) to evaluate the condition of vegetation, soil and water and detected 43 landslide points in Bac Kan, Ha Giang, Thai Nguyen and Tuyen Quang provinces in North Vietnam in 2015. In this paper, historical landslide data in 2013 was also used to analyse causative factors. Historical landslides often occur in a slope range from 10° to 40° on the elevation from 100 m – 300 m (48.23%) and on forests and crop sites. With regard to triggering factor and slope condition, three typical types of landslides are classified as i) landslide caused by rainfall on construction sites, ii) landslide caused by rainfall on natural slopes, and iii) landslide caused by rainfall and water drawdown on banks of reservoirs or streams. Considering the Landsat result type 2 and type 3 consist larger proportions (58.14 % and 25.58 %) compared to those in historical data (11.7 % and 1.53 %). This means that many landslide would occur in mountainous areas that far from residential or road areas (type 1). This paper thus would provide initial assessment for further studies on landslide problems on the bank of water sites such as reservoirs or streams.

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