William Kapp's Criticism of Dichotomy of Externalities:Toward Social Evaluation of Multiple Social Costs

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  • Yamane Takuji
    Faculty of Human Environmental Studies, The University of Human Environments

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  • ウィリアム・カップによる外部性の二分法批判:複合的な社会的費用の社会的評価へ向けて
  • ウィリアム ・ カップ ニ ヨル ガイブセイ ノ ニフンホウ ヒハン : フクゴウテキ ナ シャカイテキ ヒヨウ ノ シャカイテキ ヒョウカ エ ムケテ

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Karl William Kapp (1910-76) criticizes the conventional dichotomy of "technological and pecuniary externalities" upheld by economics. He argues that there is constant interaction between technology and market, and explains that both act as cause and effect, producing multiple social costs mixed with recession and environmental problems. If one were to acknowledge such interaction, this would lead to a different way of viewing, for example, monopolies, which have been subject to a one-sidedly negative perception in traditional economics. Kapp also argues that we may find the conflict between proponents of economic growth and environmental conservationists to be no more than superficial.

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