The Issue of University Student Scholarships

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  • 日本の奨学金問題
  • ニホン ノ ショウガクキン モンダイ

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Abstract

The aim of this paper is to examine the issue of university student scholarships.<BR><BR>The number of scholarship users increased sharply after the late 1990s. Until the mid-1990s, the ratio of scholarship users among all university students was approximately 20%. That proportion subsequently reached 52.5% in 2012.<BR><BR>The increase in scholarship users includes the fact that the ratio of students who go on to college at four-year universities rose in the background after 1990. The number of women entering junior colleges decreased, and the number of high-school graduates finding employment decreased. Private enterprise workers’ yearly incomes and family incomes decreased rapidly from 2000 through 2010. This is linked to the increase in students using scholarships.<BR><BR>The recent change in the scholarship system has also had a great influence in the social situation regarding scholarships. A loan type scholarship with interest was founded by the revision of the Japanese Scholarship Association method of 1984. It was the "Hope 21 Plan" of April 1999 that accelerated the increase in loan type scholarships with interest. The Japanese Scholarship Association was abolished in 2004, and reorganization to the Japan Student Services Organization was carried out. Japan Student Services Organization positioned the scholarship system as "finance business" and further changed the contents.<BR><BR>It is certain that this scholarship system contributed to the rise in the ratio of　four-year university students who go on to college that occurred from the late 1990s. However, the expansion of the system mainly on the loan type scholarships with interest has brought with it the problem of the difficulty of scholarship loan repayments.<BR><BR>There are problems that should be improved in the current scholarship system. Primarily it is the difficulty of the scholarship loan repayments which should be resolved. Secondly it is to switch the system from a loan type scholarship-centered system to a payment type scholarship-centered system.

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