技術社会における大学の社会的機能

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • The Function of Universities in the Technological Societies
  • 技術社会における大学の社会的機能--一つの方法論的試み
  • ギジュツ シャカイ ニ オケル ダイガク ノ シャカイテキ キノウ ヒトツ ノ ホウホウロンテキ ココロミ
  • An Methodological Inquiry
  • 一つの方法論的試み

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抄録

We are now in rush of essays or plans about universities, but many of themare, either far from reality and insist on the idea of university exclusively, ortoo near-sighted which examines many nonessential issues without a basic idea.What we now need is an analysis of the present condition opened toward an ideaof university. The purpose of this paper is to try such an analysis, on thebasis of the historical reflection and the examination of the present condition.<BR>This paper is divided into two parts. In the first half, we reflectedhistorically the relation between the social developement and the change ofuniversities, and in the latter half, upon the recognition of it, we reconsideredthe methodology or the postulate of modern sociology of education in our country, and suggested one method of inquiry into the education in the university.<BR>For convenience' sake, we divided the developement of universities into threestages to understand more clearly the characteristics of universities in the age ofwhat we call “the technologial society”. The first stage starts from the systemof universities in the mediaeval society, and continues till the industrial revolution.The second is that of universities in the period of industrialization, from thelatter half of the 18 th century to the 19th century. And lastly, the third isthat in the 20th century, especially after the World War II, what we calltechnoiogical society, in which social behaviors are conducted mainly accordingto “Zweckrationalitat” promoted by science and technology. On our viewpoint, the characteristics of universities in the technological society is its specializationand popularization.<BR>On the above recognition, in the latter half of this paper, we examined firstlythe methodological premise, about the present condition of universities, adopted in the research on the “Manpower Policy” or “Education and Social Mobility”, andsecondly suggested the method of the research into the university education inplace of the former method, by analyzing the careers of graduates. The basis ofour assertion is upon the premise that the social function of education is tomake an individual understand and absorb edueation rather than the direct linkagebetween academic career and occupation. We think that this postulate should beinsisted as the methodological base of sociology of education, not sociology as such.

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