Toward a Sociology of the <I>Futoko</I> Problem

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  • 不登校問題の社会学に向けて
  • フトウコウ モンダイ ノ シャカイガク ニ ムケテ
  • Toward a Sociology of the Futoko Problem

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Abstract

Educational sociology has dealt with the latest educational problems, andhas contributed significantly to the elucidation of their actual situationsand structures. On the other hand, it has been inactive in research on theproblem of futoko (school refusal), in contrast to clinical psychology andpsychiatry, which have been rather active in the field. We may fail, however, to grasp the essence of school refusal, which has spread sincethe 1980s, if we do not recognize it as a social and cultural problem.What needs to be questioned is the current intellectual framework, whichregards reduced attendance solely as a mental problem and deals with itwithin psychology. Accordingly educational sociology could contribute tothe solution of the problem of non-attendance at school.<BR>In reviewing research on non-attendance at school made so far inthe field of educational sociology, the author has examined and considered:(1) data on non-attendance at school carried in the Report of BasicInvestigation of Schools (Ministry of Education and Science);(2) theorieson the causes of the spread of non-attendance at school;(3) studies ofremarks and comments regarding non-attendance at school and thenecessity of such studies;(4) the necessity for researches on alternativeschools (free schools, classes for adaptational guidance, mental friendsystems, etc.);(5) anticipated problems regarding the expansion ofknowledge in clinical psychology and the introduction of school counselors;and (6) the spread of non-attendance at school and changes in schools.The present paper is intended to be a general discussion preceding thefollowing papers.

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